Construction in the UAE is conducted at an extremely high rate. Construction projects can be of great size and also have an extremely short period of time for completion. One of the most important aspects to consider when constructing any project is the correct selection of the structural system to be utilized in the project. In residential high-rise buildings, commercial buildings, large warehouses, and industrial structures, you will see the comparison between steel and RCC structures as a common point of reference when compared with other types of structures. Strudco, as one of the leading structural engineering consultants in UAE, uses both steel and RCC structural construction and analyzes, models, and details each depending on what the project requires, site conditions, and client requests. This blog will explain the differences between steel and RCC construction in non-technical terms so that you can better understand which type of structure would be most applicable for projects located in the UAE.
Understanding Steel Structures
Steel is widely used in industrial buildings, storage warehouses, factories, bridges, and skyscrapers. Steel is strong, elastic, and lighter compared to concrete. Steel has a high strength-to-weight ratio; therefore, it can support larger spans and open areas with fewer columns. Speed is one of the major advantages of steel construction in the UAE. Commercial production of steel/steelworks in a clean, controlled factory environment produces accurate prefabricated parts for the entire structure for quicker assembly on-site, thus effectively reducing your construction time. For projects where time is critical, steel is an ideal material for many building types.
Steel structures have the ability to withstand dynamic loads like wind. Particularly in the UAE, with its many high-rise structures being subjected to the intense wind forces experienced there, steel is sufficiently elastic to accommodate these forces while withstanding failure. But steel requires adequate protection against fire and corrosion. The UAE, being a coastal region, is prone to corrosion if adequate protection is not given. Steel requires high accuracy in detailing and coordination. This is where digital modeling assists. Most architectural BIM design companies in Dubai rely on accurate structural models to ensure that steel structures are well-coordinated to fit together seamlessly at the construction site.
Understanding RCC Structures
Reinforced Concrete (RCC) is the most common structural material used in residential and commercial construction. RCC consists of both concrete and steel reinforcing bars, enabling the construction of strong structural components used in buildings. RCC is known for its strength and fire-resistant qualities. When exposed to harsh weather, RCC maintains structural integrity and requires less maintenance than exposed steel. The high thermal mass of RCC materials allows RCC buildings in the UAE to maintain a stable internal temperature, even in extreme heat. Both the materials used to construct RCC and experienced local contractors are readily available. In comparison to steel construction, RCC has a longer build time due to the use of formwork, the curing process, and staged construction. Also, the weight of RCC structures will require the use of larger foundations that may prove to be expensive on a site with less competent soil.
Cost Comparison in UAE Projects
Cost is always an important consideration. Steel structures may look costlier in terms of material cost, but they can cut down the project time significantly. This means earlier occupation and faster return on investment. For commercial developers, this can be an important factor that can counterbalance the cost. RCC structures may look cheaper in terms of material cost for normal buildings. But the increased time can lead to increased labor and overheads. Moreover, changes during execution are more difficult in RCC structures than in steel structures. While rendering our services for BIM services in UAE, we assist our clients in comparing the cost of steel structures and RCC structures through modeling and quantity take-off.
Speed and Construction Efficiency
Time is a valuable resource when dealing with rising urbanization, such as in Dubai and Abu Dhabi. Steel is often the best choice for the type of buildings that need to go up quickly, including pre-engineered buildings, logistics facilities, or industrial buildings with long spans. For more aesthetically appealing buildings or buildings with heavy loads, RCC is the preferred material for construction. This is also the case when constructing residential towers and hotels; both types of buildings require structurally sound floors and stability against lateral (sideways) forces. Many design professionals today are also utilizing digital coordination of their architecture and building systems (MEP) to coordinate their work. By utilizing very accurate three-dimensional (3-D) models, there is greater collaboration between architects and structural engineers. Architectural BIM design companies in Singapore have demonstrated that using accurate 3-D models reduces conflicts and speeds up decision-making. This is now becoming increasingly popular with developers in the UAE.
Durability and Maintenance
Durability is a major consideration in the UAE, where hot and humid conditions are common. RCC structures, if well designed and maintained, can last for a long time with minimal maintenance. Steel, if well-maintained and checked for corrosion, can last for a long time, even in a coastal region. But in both cases, if proper details are taken care of, structures can last for a long time, irrespective of the material used. At Strudco, we stress the need for correct analysis and shop drawings.
So What Works Best?
There is no easy answer. Steel is best suited for fast-track construction projects, large spans, and light structures. RCC is best suited for residential high-rise buildings, durability-based buildings, and budget-friendly projects. The best approach may vary depending on the type of project, construction timeline, soil conditions, budget, and design requirements. In some instances, a combined approach that combines steel and RCC may be the most effective. We evaluate each project before recommending a structural system. We use advanced tools, modeling, and engineering knowledge to advise our clients on the best course of action. Partnering with our BIM services in the UAE, leveraging the very best knowledge we have, we make it our utmost goal that our clients’ steps toward risk avoidance and project success are always clearly informed choices.